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Alexander Gale
Alexander is an analyst focusing on geopolitics and defense. He is especially interested in WWI and how contemporary strategic practitioners can learn from military and political history. Alexander earned a BA in History and International Relations and an MA in Applied Security and Strategy at the University of Exeter.
Education:University of ExeterMA Applied Security and StrategyUniversity of ExeterBA HistoryExpertise:Articles by Alexander Gale
It took years of grinding attritional warfare to break the stalemate on the Western Front.
Between the 17th and 19th centuries, gentlemen settled their scores with the sword and pistol in deadly duels.
Inspired by a prior generation of innovative French artillery experts, Napoleon transformed his artillery into a dominant force on the battlefield.
From 1815 to 1914, the British grand strategy was to prevent any single European power from becoming dominant.
Sparta underwent several periods of reform, each with varying degrees of acceptance and success.
Bayonets enabled soldiers armed with firearms to defend themselves in close combat, eliminating the need for dedicated melee troops.