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European History

From empires to modern unions, explore European history's pivotal events that shaped a continent rich in heritage, culture, and global impact.

The Anglo-Russian Conflict in the Napoleonic Wars: A “Smokeless War?”
The Anglo-Russian Conflict in the Napoleonic Wars: A “Smokeless War?”

Napoleon's Continental System, a boycott of British commerce across Europe between 1806 and 1814, led to a brief war between Britain and Russia: the Anglo-Russian War.

Duke of Wellington vs. Napoleon Bonaparte: Who Was the Better Man?
Duke of Wellington vs. Napoleon Bonaparte: Who Was the Better Man?

Napoleon Bonaparte and the Duke of Wellington were two of the greatest military leaders of the 19th century. But who was the better man?

Soviet Show Trials: A Grueling History of Repression
Soviet Show Trials: A Grueling History of Repression

In the Soviet Union, political repression was a tactic to extinguish real and imaginary enemies and to eliminate political opponents.

What Is “Lebensraum” and Why Did Hitler Promote It?
What Is “Lebensraum” and Why Did Hitler Promote It?

Lebensraum—or “living space”—was a critical part of Nazi ideology that justified its territorial expansionism through war efforts and racial policy.

The Barbary Wars: Piracy, Slavery, and Retribution
The Barbary Wars: Piracy, Slavery, and Retribution

The Barbary Wars saw the United States Navy battle against pirates upon the seas of the Mediterranean.

10 Must-See Historic Sites in Faro, Portugal
10 Must-See Historic Sites in Faro, Portugal

Located in the Algarve in southern Portugal, Faro is a beautiful coastal city with a long history stretching back to the Phoenicians.

Napoleon’s Rise, Fall, and Legacy in History
Napoleon’s Rise, Fall, and Legacy in History

Napoleon Bonaparte rose from humble beginnings to become a successful general and emperor of the French, but his fall and exile were equally dramatic.

Charles V: The Holy Roman Emperor Who Shaped Europe
Charles V: The Holy Roman Emperor Who Shaped Europe

During the first half of the 16th century, Emperor Charles V inherited a large empire and spent his life trying to hold on to it.