Robert De Graaff
Robert is a history enthusiast who specializes in military history and dabbles in many other topics of the past. He is also a script writer for a popular history-focused YouTube channel.
Articles by Robert De Graaff
Evolution of the Roman Army (From the Republic to the Empire’s Fall)History remembers Rome for its unstoppable army. How did the Roman army evolve from the birth of the Republic to the fall of the Empire?
A Brief History of Censorship (Since the Ancient World)Government and societal control over what a person says or thinks is nothing new. Discover the history of censorship from ancient times to the present day.
Government and societal control over what a person says or thinks is nothing new. Discover the history of censorship from ancient times to the present day.
The 3 Phases of Medieval Architecture (With HD Images)During the European Middle Ages, three main types of architecture dominated monumental construction: the Pre-Romanesque, Romanesque, and Gothic phases.
During the European Middle Ages, three main types of architecture dominated monumental construction: the Pre-Romanesque, Romanesque, and Gothic phases.
Hellenistic Greek Sculpture (Guide with HD Images)A brief guide to Greek sculpture and statuary during the Hellenistic period, which was the culmination of centuries of artistic experimentation and evolution.
A brief guide to Greek sculpture and statuary during the Hellenistic period, which was the culmination of centuries of artistic experimentation and evolution.
Archaic Greek Sculpture (Guide with HD Images)Statuary and art evolved significantly over the centuries of Greek civilization. This is an introductory guide to Greek sculpture during the Archaic period (c. 700-500 BCE).
Statuary and art evolved significantly over the centuries of Greek civilization. This is an introductory guide to Greek sculpture during the Archaic period (c. 700-500 BCE).
How the Hospitallers Lost the Holy Land but Survived the AgesThe Knights Hospitallers were a militant holy order that tended to the sick and protected pilgrims as they traveled in the Holy Land.
Guide to Classical Greek Sculpture (Canon, Materials, and Appearance)Greek sculpture evolved as culture and technology developed. This is a brief guide to Classical Greek statues from 479 BCE to 323 BCE.
Greek sculpture evolved as culture and technology developed. This is a brief guide to Classical Greek statues from 479 BCE to 323 BCE.
Hygiene and Bathing in the Middle AgesWith no indoor plumbing for toilets, let alone running water for showers, hygiene and bathing were very different affairs during the Middle Ages.
What Are the Literary Sources for the Trojan War?The Trojan War is one of the most famous events in history thanks to Homer, but his epics only tell part of the story. What are the other literary sources?
The Trojan War is one of the most famous events in history thanks to Homer, but his epics only tell part of the story. What are the other literary sources?
7 Medieval Weapons & ArmorThe Medieval period was a time of constant innovation, with a wide array of weapons and armor developed to give warriors an edge on the battlefield.
The Siege Warfare That Shaped Ancient Greece & RomeWhile battles got the most attention, sieges were an important warfare tactic in ancient Greece and Rome. It took time and ingenuity to breach city walls.
While battles got the most attention, sieges were an important warfare tactic in ancient Greece and Rome. It took time and ingenuity to breach city walls.
How Were Medieval Battles Fought? A Guide to Medieval WarfareAlthough pitched battles were relatively rare in the Middle Ages, they could be very decisive. What would have happened on the medieval battlefield?
Although pitched battles were relatively rare in the Middle Ages, they could be very decisive. What would have happened on the medieval battlefield?