Walking around Lisbon is the perfect opportunity to find the most striking murals and installations. You will find incredible art pieces at the most unexpected locations.

For many years, Lisbon saw its buildings covered with unwanted tags. Then, in 2009, the Lisbon City Council opened the Galeria de Arte Urbana (GAU — Urban Art Gallery), whose purpose was to encourage street art and stop people from vandalizing buildings. At the time, GAU invited several artists to create new pieces.

Today, you can find thousands of urban art pieces scattered around Lisbon. In this article, you will find some of the most famous murals and installations.

1. Desassossego by AkaCorleone

Desassossego is a stunning psychedelic mural designed by AkaCorleone. In his hometown, the artist paid tribute to Fernando Pessoa, one of the most intriguing Portuguese writers.

Pessoa was a prolific writer who developed several heteronyms and left hundreds of works unfinished or unpublished. One of them was Livro do Desassossego, a book written by Bernardo Soares, one of Pessoa’s heteronyms. This masterpiece is a remarkable autobiography of Bernardo Soares and was published 47 years after Pessoa’s death. It tries to answer Modernism’s fundamental questions, such as “Who am I?” or “How can I explain reality?”

AkaCorleone captured Pessoa’s delusional essence with this incredible piece. According to the artist’s own words, the mural is called Desassossego since it “represents in a very free way the character that most represents the city of Lisbon, Fernando Pessoa, in a psychedelic dream.”

The Underdog Gallery provided materials for the work and documented the process on video.

AkaCorleone’s real name is Pedro Campiche; he is a Portuguese artist of Swiss descent born in Lisbon in 1985. Graffiti marked his first steps in the art world. However, his repertoire developed to include brightly colored murals and sculptures, which include graphics and typography as part of his signature style.

2. Look Up by AkaCorleone

Another mesmerizing piece by AkaCorleone was created in February 2020 amidst the global pandemic. It was designed for SEAT Art Cities, a project curated by Vhils.

In this piece, the artist was looking to explore the obsessive connection to social media that stops us from enjoying the world around us without realizing all that we are missing out on.

Yet, this piece also represents the profound irony we experienced during the lockdown. While we may be glued to screens and addicted to unstoppable scrolling, the thing that prevents us from enjoying the world becomes our escape from real life.

3. Sophia by Daniel Eime

In the Graça neighborhood, in the heart of Lisbon, you can admire this beautiful stenciled portrait of Sophia de Mello Breyner Anderson (1919-2004) by Daniel Eime.

Sophia was one of the most influential Portuguese poets of the 20th century. During her lifetime, Sophia published several works, including children’s books, and translated a handful of literary masters such as Dante and Shakespeare.

Since Sophia had always been connected to this Lisbon neighborhood, this was the perfect location to pay tribute to her.

Daniel Eime, a Portuguese artist born in Caldas da Rainha in 1986, is the author of this incredible piece. He is considered a master of stencil art, a technique that uses stencils made of paper or cardboard to build an image. For Daniel, most of his stencil creations are inspired by human faces.

4. Tropical Fado in RGB Tones by OzeArv

This must be one of the most eye-catching murals in Lisbon. It was created in 2021 and is one of the 100 urban art pieces selected by the online community Street Art Cities.

Tropical Fado in RGB Tones is a striking urban art piece by OzeArv, a renowned Portuguese artist born in Lisbon in 1980. His murals often depict vivid and colorful representations of birds and other natural elements. Tropical Fado is no exception.

The mural was supported by Lisbon City Council and São Vicent Parish and curated by Galeria de Arte Urbana. Although the artist had the support of a crane and an operator, it took over a month to complete. OzeArv started by outlining the design on the building façade and then filling it in with bold colors.

It might seem that the artist followed a strict design, however, during the process he left some room for imagination. The result is an explosion of color filled with impressive details that combine natural and realistic elements with stylized drawings.

5. Peace Guard by Shepard Fairey

Inspired by the Carnation Revolution, Shepard Fairey created this powerful mural symbolizing peace and freedom.

On the 25th of April 1974, a peaceful and bloodless revolution led by the Portuguese military ended António Salazar’s 40-year dictatorship. At the time, soldiers on the streets placed red carnations in their rifles to celebrate the end of the regime.

As an activist who defends peace and freedom, this was something Shepard Fairey could easily relate to. So, in 2017, Fairey made a mural of a woman soldier with a red carnation on her rifle while looking up as if she was standing in formation. The original design, built in 2017, used red as the main color. Yet, in 2023, during a trip to Lisbon, Fairey decided to retouch his masterpiece by changing the red to blue.

Shepard Fairey is an American artist and activist famous for his Obama “Hope” poster design for the 2008 U.S. presidential election. Fairey is currently considered one of the most influential street artists, having his pieces displayed in Los Angeles, New York, London, and Lisbon.

6. Universal Personhood Lisbon by Shepard Fairey & Vhils

Universal Personhood is a series of art pieces by Shepard Fairey, whose goal is to promote peace and equality. This was inspired by the systematic prejudice against Arabs and Muslims when it comes to discrimination against women.

During a trip to Lisbon in 2018, during the Printed Matters Lisbon Exhibition, Fairey partnered with Vhils to develop a new mural under the Universal Personhood Project.

Alexandre Farto, also known as Vhils, is a Portuguese visual artist born in Lisbon in 1987. He became famous worldwide for his unique bas-relief carving technique, where he removes a wall’s surface layers with unusual tools to create impressive portraits.

The mural depicts a young woman painted in bold and warm colors on the left and sculpted onto the building’s façade on the right. This striking masterpiece’s goal is to call for equal rights for women of all ethnicities and religions.

7. Amália by Vhils

In 2015, Vhils accepted a challenge by Portuguese filmmaker Ruben Alves to create a portrait of the late Fado singer Amália Rodrigues. At the time, Alves was preparing a Fado music record performed by contemporary Fado singers as a tribute to Amália. He figured Fado music was born in the streets, much like Vhils’ artwork.

Unlike other urban art pieces, Vhils created a one-of-a-kind portrait of Amália Rodrigues in Portuguese Cobblestone in the Alfama neighborhood, the birthplace of Fado. With this piece, Vhils draws attention to the craftsmanship of the “calceteiros,” the pavers who keep the Portuguese Cobblestone alive. Simultaneously, the artist also pays tribute to Fado, Amália Rodrigues, and Lisbon culture.

The result is a mesmerizing artwork resembling an ocean wave starting from the ground and moving up the wall. This way, when it rains, it looks like Amália is crying over the Portuguese Cobblestone, a literal representation of the Portuguese saying “Faz chorar as pedras da calçada”—something deeply saddening that makes anyone cry, things which Fado singers used to sing about while wandering Lisbon’s streets.

8. Saudade by Mário Belém

“Saudade” is a unique word in the Portuguese language that it is impossible to translate. Although there are several synonyms in other languages, none truly captures the saudade’s meaning. It translates to the feeling of nostalgia and longing for something or someone so intense and deeply saddening.

Mário Belém, a Portuguese artist born in 1977 in Lisbon, tried to capture the saudade feeling people experienced during the lockdowns in 2020 and 2021. His goal was to represent how we keep longing for the past and not giving ourselves the chance to enjoy the good parts of such difficult times. Once the second lockdown was in place, this mural gained a new meaning, representing a wish for a brighter future.

The mural represents a woman sitting at the edge of a colorful flower pot while gazing upon the word “saudade.” We can feel the woman’s nostalgic feeling of longing for the world to go back to what it once was and the sense of being isolated and lost in her own thoughts.

In the bottom right corner, you can read the words: “Antes perdida por aqui algures, do que a caminho de nenhures” which literally translates to “Better to be lost here somewhere than on my way to nowhere.”

9. Adapta by Add Fuel

Add Fuel is the man behind this stunning mural from 2021. The artist was inspired by people’s resilience and ability to adapt (Adapta) and face the unknown times during the global pandemic.

The mural adapts to its surroundings by adjusting the new patterns and colors with the ones on the existing tiles. That is how Add Fuel found the perfect balance between the two buildings.

With this captivating mural, the artist reflects on how people adjust to a new reality, so they can live happily amidst adversity. At the same time, Add Fuel evokes traditional Portuguese tile making.

Add Fuel, born in 1980 under the name Diogo Machado, is a Portuguese visual artist renowned for his reinterpretation of the traditional Portuguese tile design. You can also find his artwork in France, Belgium, and the USA.

10. Poseidon by PichiAvo

The Poseidon mural designed by the Spanish duo PichiAvo is a masterpiece of Lisbon’s street art scene. The Roman God of the Sea overlooks the Tagus River, where numerous sailors have passed over the years.

This striking mural is the perfect blend of classical art and graffiti. While looking at a distance you can clearly admire Poseidon, if you pay close attention, you will notice the graffiti details.

Pichi studied Fine Arts and Avo, Industrial Design. Then in 2007, they met in Valencia’s graffiti art world. Since then, PichiAvo has developed several projects together, seeking a defining trademark style.

Their artwork is scattered around the world. You can admire it in New York, Porto, Lisbon, Paris, Las Vegas, Montreal, Melbourne, and Valencia.

11. Iberian Lynx by Bordalo II

The Iberian Lynx by Bordalo II is one of the most iconic urban art pieces in Lisbon.

You can admire this multicolored giant lynx at Parque das Nações; it is completely made of waste. The artist’s goal was to raise awareness of an endangered species in the Iberian Peninsula while leaving his own remarks on environmental pollution.

The Iberian Lynx sculpture is part of the Big Trash Animals series. All pieces are entirely made of waste materials that pollute the environment and threaten the animals Bordallo II represents.

Bordallo II is a visual artist born in Lisbon in 1987. He is the grandson of the famous Portuguese painter Artur Real Chaves Bordalo. So far, Bordalo II has used over 60 tons of trash to build these magnificent installations. You can admire his work in Portugal, Switzerland, Italy, the United States, and France.

12. Big Racoon by Bordalo II

Big Racoon is another installation from the Big Trash Animals series by Bordalo II.

This stunning artwork is made of several types of waste, from car bumpers and tires to all sorts of plastic. It was clearly made to be seen from a distance. If you stand too close, you will lose sight of the bigger picture, but you can observe the materials it is made of. The colors light up the image, transforming a pile of trash into a cute raccoon.

Go and see it for yourself and take some time to admire this beautiful artwork.

13. Crono Project

The Crono Project began in 2010 and gathered several national and international artists to design a series of murals on abandoned buildings at Avenida Fontes Pereira de Melo in central Lisbon.

Pedro Soares Neves, Angelo Milano, and Vhils co-curated this project and brought unknown artists together to show their artwork. The goal was to create public art instead of tearing down the Art Nouveau buildings.

Thanks to the Crono Project, you can admire the works of BLU, Os Gémeos, or 2-D SAM3. Later that year, Ericailcane, Bastardilla, Lucy, Mar, and Ram also left their artwork on these buildings.

In 2011, Brad Downey and Momo, together with Vhils, painted two abandoned buildings in Alcântara and Avenida Almirante Reis.

If you’re a history enthusiast planning your retirement, Texas offers iconic small towns where the past is carefully preserved, and life moves at a gentler pace. From German-founded settlements and historic river ports to scenic Hill Country communities, these towns blend cultural heritage, welcoming locals, and everyday tranquility.

Below are ten of the best historic Texas retirement towns—places where rich history, community spirit, and an easygoing lifestyle come together.

1. Gruene

Founded in the mid-1840s by German settlers, Gruene began as a cotton-producing town before declining in the early 20th century. Its revival in the 1970s preserved much of its historic fabric, turning it into one of Texas’s most beloved heritage districts.

Today, retirees can enjoy landmarks like Gruene Hall, the state’s oldest continuously operating dance hall, along with the historic Gruene General Store and the Gruene Mansion Inn, once home to the town’s founder. With its laid-back riverside atmosphere, live music, and welcoming community, Gruene offers a peaceful yet culturally rich place to retire.

2. Salado

Established in 1859 as a stagecoach stop and educational center, Salado quickly became a cultural hub in Central Texas. The town’s history is anchored by the Stagecoach Inn, built in 1861, and the legacy of Salado College, one of Texas’s earliest coeducational institutions.

Today, Salado blends history with creativity. Its galleries, shops, and walking trails along Salado Creek create a relaxed rhythm of life, while regular arts events keep the town lively. This balance of heritage, culture, and tranquility makes Salado an appealing retirement destination.

3. Comfort

Founded in 1854 by German immigrants, Comfort is one of Texas’s best-preserved historic districts, with limestone buildings and streetscapes that reflect its 19th-century roots. The town’s past is also marked by the Treue der Union Monument, honoring residents who resisted the Confederacy.

For retirees, Comfort offers tree-lined streets, antique shops, nearby wineries, and a slower pace of life surrounded by Hill Country scenery. Its strong sense of community and quiet charm make it ideal for those seeking a peaceful, history-rich retirement.

4. Jefferson

Once a thriving riverport town in the mid-19th century, Jefferson played a key role in Texas commerce and Civil War-era history. Its preserved streets are home to landmarks like the Excelsior House Hotel, the oldest continuously operating hotel in the state, and the Jefferson Historical Museum.

Today, Jefferson combines affordable living with a deep sense of the past. Retirees can enjoy its museums, historic homes, and proximity to natural attractions like Caddo Lake, all within a serene small-town setting.

5. Wimberley

Established in the 1850s as a mill town, Wimberley grew around early industry before evolving into a creative Hill Country community. Historic sites such as the Winters-Wimberley House still anchor the town’s past.

Now known for its arts scene and natural beauty, Wimberley offers retirees swimming holes, hiking trails, and frequent art festivals. Its relaxed pace, strong community spirit, and scenic surroundings make it an especially appealing place to settle.

6. Round Top

Founded in the late 1840s, Round Top is steeped in German heritage and known for its carefully preserved historic buildings. Landmarks like St. Martin’s Catholic Church and the town’s historic library reflect its enduring sense of place.

Despite its small size, Round Top has a vibrant cultural life, thanks in part to the Round Top Festival Institute, which hosts world-class music events. Its quiet countryside setting and close-knit community make it a rewarding choice for retirees seeking culture without crowds.

7. Castroville

Established in 1844 by Henri Castro, this town—often called the “Little Alsace of Texas”—retains a distinctly European character. Its Alsatian architecture and historic sites, including the Landmark Inn, reflect its immigrant roots.

Castroville offers retirees scenic river views, historic walking tours, and a slower pace of life, all within easy reach of San Antonio. The combination of heritage, accessibility, and community makes it an especially practical retirement option.

8. Fulton

Founded in 1866, Fulton is a small coastal town defined by its maritime history. The centerpiece is the Fulton Mansion, a grand Victorian home that speaks to the area’s 19th-century prosperity and resilience.

With its mild coastal climate and relaxed atmosphere, Fulton appeals to retirees who enjoy fishing, birdwatching, and waterfront views. Community events and historic attractions add cultural depth to this tranquil bayside town.

9. Shiner

Founded in 1890 as a railroad town, Shiner reflects strong German and Czech traditions. Its most famous landmark, the Spoetzl Brewery, has produced Shiner Bock since 1909 and remains central to the town’s identity.

Shiner offers retirees a quiet lifestyle rooted in tradition, with historic churches, local museums, and annual festivals that foster community spirit. Its low cost of living and small-town warmth make it a comfortable place to retire.

10. Chappell Hill

Established in 1847, Chappell Hill developed as an agricultural center and still retains much of its 19th-century character. The Main Street Historic District and early educational institutions highlight the town’s historical importance.

Today, Chappell Hill offers retirees rolling hills, scenic views, and a strong sense of community. Annual festivals and proximity to Houston provide social connection and convenience, making this quiet town both peaceful and practical for retirement.

Quick Guide to the Best Historic Towns in Texas for Retirement

If there were ever a museum that perfectly captures the spirit of its contents, it would have to be the Centre Pompidou in Paris. It is one of the most striking buildings you will ever see, and the largest modern and contemporary art museum in Europe. The jaw-dropping collection spans from Matisse and Picasso to Pollock and Duchamp, each work representing a different turn in 20th-century creativity. The museum is currently being renovated, yet when it reopens, you can look forward to once again feasting your eyes on extraordinary art.

The Most Unmissable Highlights at the Centre Pompidou

At the time of writing, many Centre Pompidou pieces are on loan to various other museums around the world while the museum gets a makeover. When it does eventually reopen, note that exhibits are shown in rotation, so no singular piece is guaranteed to be on display. Nevertheless, the exhibits featured here are the museum’s most celebrated works of art. (And PS, there are over 140,000 of them.)

So why not begin with three highlights you’ll definitely see, no matter when you visit?

1. The Museum Itself

Before even stepping one foot inside the museum, you’re already looking at one of the most radical architectural works of art in Paris. Designed by Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers and opened in 1977, the Centre Pompidou flipped architectural convention on its head, literally. The interior structure, pipes, and escalators, typically placed inside a building, were instead installed on the outside, as a way to leave the interior spaces open, accessible, and flexible.

Each color-coded pipe serves a function: blue for air, green for water, yellow for electricity, and red for movement. Critics once called the design an awful eyesore, much as they did the Eiffel Tower. Yet today, Centre Pompidou is considered a beloved icon of Paris’s modern and avant-garde culture.

2. The Stravinsky Fountain

Just outside the museum’s main entrance is the phenomenal Stravinsky Fountain, usually bursting with color and sound. It was created in 1983 by Jean Tinguely and Niki de Saint Phalle and features sixteen sculptures that spin, spray, and clatter, each inspired by the music of composer Igor Stravinsky.

Tinguely built the mechanical structures, while Saint Phalle added her signature whimsical forms. A work of art in its own right, the fountain is a bustling gathering spot and embodies the creative vibe of the Pompidou, spilling out onto the streets.

3. The View From the Top Floor

Even if you were to visit the museum blindfolded and see nothing at all, do take the glass-enclosed escalators up to the top floor. From there, you get one of the best panoramic views of Paris with the Eiffel Tower, Notre-Dame, and Sacré-Cœur taking over the skyline. It is gorgeous nearer sunset, when the light hits the rooftops.

4. Fountain (1917) by Marcel Duchamp (1964 replica)

A porcelain urinal turned upside down and signed “R. Mutt” doesn’t sound all that radical now, but back in 1917, it caused an absolute scandal. Duchamp’s Fountain is also credited with changing the course of art and starting a debate that still keeps coming up in the artwork periodically.

At the time, Duchamp wasn’t out to deliberately shock anyone; he was asking a very simple question: Can something utterly ordinary become extraordinary if the artist declares it so?

The piece was initially submitted to an exhibition in New York that claimed to accept every entry, and was promptly rejected. The rebuttal highlighted the exhibit even better than the artist ever could.

While the original was lost, over a dozen authorized and artist-signed replicas make sure to keep the argument alive. It feels right that one such replica lives here at the Centre Pompidou, a museum built on the same spirit of questioning and reinvention. Without Fountain, it’s hard to imagine Joseph Kosuth’s conceptual works, Tracey Emin’s My Bed, or even Maurizio Cattelan’s taped banana; all continuing Duchamp’s idea that meaning can matter more than making.

5. Blue Horse I (1911) by Franz Marc

Franz Marc was one of Germany’s Expressionist pioneers, a man who believed animals were purer than people, and that colors can carry and convey emotion. To him, blue meant calm and masculinity, while yellow stood for warmth and femininity.

Horses were a recurring theme for Marc; he saw them as symbols of freedom and innocence in a fast-industrializing world. Alongside Kandinsky, he founded Der Blaue Reiter (“The Blue Rider”), a group devoted to exploring spirituality in art.

When World War I broke out, Marc volunteered, convinced that the war might somehow renew humanity afresh. He was killed by shellfire near Verdun in 1916, just weeks before the German army ordered that artists of his stature be pulled from the front. He was 36.

6. Les Constructeurs (1950) by Fernand Léger

Léger spent much of his life exploring the relationship between people and machines, and nowhere is that clearer than in Les Constructeurs.

Painted after the Second World War, it celebrates the new industrial age with figures of steelworkers suspended high above the city. Their bodies and the metal beams around them share the same bold geometry, as if human and machine were part of a single design.

Léger admired the rhythm of construction and advancing technology but remained aware of what progress might cost us all. His bright shapes and strong outlines turn labor into something almost musical; a vision of modern life built by the marriage of man and machine.

7. Large Red Interior (1948) by Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse was nearly 80 and long established as one of the defining figures of modern art when he painted Large Red Interior. He was known for leading the Fauvist movement and his dynamic use of color, and he continued to paint even after illness limited his mobility.

Large Red Interior belongs to this final period of his career. It shows his studio in Nice, transformed into an expanse of deep red, with furniture, plants, and framed artworks arranged in perfect balance.

8. The Deep (1953) by Jackson Pollock

Pollock’s paintings often seem chaotic up close, but step back and the rhythm starts to appear. The Deep belongs to his final years, when success had become a burden and his health was beginning to falter. He was deeply depressed, drinking heavily, and painting less, yet the few works he produced carried a raw and dark honesty not seen in his earlier work.

Working on the floor of his barn studio, he poured and flicked paint with sticks and stiffened brushes, moving around the canvas as if caught in thought. Here, his color is stripped away, replaced by a void that feels both calm and unnerving. The Pompidou’s wide, open rooms give The Deep the space it needs and deserves, letting you sense the restless man behind the motion.

9. La Coiffeuse (1911) by Pablo Picasso

The Centre Pompidou holds several works by Picasso, showing the full arc of his career from early Cubism to his later, more colorful years. La Coiffeuse, or The Hairdresser, is one of the most intriguing.

Painted in 1911, it belongs to his early Cubist period, when he was breaking familiar objects into shifting planes to explore how we really see the world. The painting was stolen from storage in 2001 and resurfaced 14 years later in a package marked “art craft toy.” Returned to France in 2015, it became one of the Pompidou’s most talked-about recoveries and a symbol of how fragile, precious, and coveted modern art can be.

10. Black and White II (1959) by Pierre Soulages

Pierre Soulages built his entire career around the color black, which he saw not as emptiness but as a source of light. In Black and White II, you see thick layers of paint catching surprising reflections, turning that darkness into something that is almost luminous. He called this idea outrenoir, or “beyond black.”

Soulages lived to be 102 and was so respected in France that the city of Rodez, his birthplace, opened a museum dedicated entirely to his work. At the Centre Pompidou, the lighting reveals every ridge and brush mark, showing that even a single color can hold infinite depth.

Florida brings to mind sun-soaked beaches, theme parks, and bustling cities. But the Sunshine State has much more to offer. Florida is home to many charming historic small towns that offer a glimpse into its lesser-known past. Add these ten small towns to your bucket list to discover quaint communities with vibrant histories and diverse heritage.

1. Briny Breezes

This small coastal town in Florida is a treasure trove for history lovers. Founded in the 1920s, Briny Breezes was a dairy farm before it was transformed into a seasonal retreat and then incorporated as a private town corporation in 1963. This means that residents own shares in the corporation rather than the land under their homes.

What makes this beautiful town a living piece of history is its unique blend of community spirit and mobile homes. It is basically a posh trailer park sandwiched between the Atlantic Ocean and the Intracoastal Waterway.

Make sure to also visit the town hall, which was originally a modest space in a mobile home park. This place reflects grassroots governance, with the first mayor, Hugh David, serving for 34 years and shaping the town’s development. The Briny Breezes Historical Society preserves the town’s heritage, while the Briny Breezes Chapel, which was built in the 1940s, showcases the community’s dedication to faith and fellowship.

2. Cortez

This historic Florida fishing village will offer you a glimpse into the Gulf Coast’s maritime culture. Families from North Carolina founded Cortez in the 1880s, looking for a fresh start after the Civil War. The town is one of the last remaining authentic fishing communities in Florida.

The Florida Maritime Museum should be first on your list when visiting this town. The museum is housed in a restored 1912 schoolhouse, and it showcases the village’s fishing industry and boat-building heritage.

The Cortez Cultural Center serves as a community hub and hosts events that celebrate local art and history. When in Cortez, you’ll also enjoy exploring the Bratton/Burton Store. This is the first commercial building in the village. It played a vital role in connecting the Florida town with the outside world. Don’t forget to visit in time for the annual Cortez Commercial Fishing Festival, which celebrates the village’s fishing heritage with music, food, and activities.

3. Sopchoppy

Established in 1894 when the Carrabelle, Tallahassee, and Georgia Railroad was built through the area, Sopchoppy is situated along the Sopchoppy River at the edge of the Apalachicola National Forest. The charming, historic, small town was officially chartered as a city in 1905.

An intriguing destination for history lovers, one of the key historical sites is the Sopchoppy Depot, which was built in 1891. It served as a crucial transportation hub for the community and has been restored as a museum.

The Sopchoppy High School was constructed in 1924 and now functions as the Sopchoppy Education Center. Nearby is the Sopchoppy Gymnasium, which is made entirely of native limestone. This one is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is available for community events.

It’s worth noting that Sopchoppy is also known as the “Worm Gruntin’ Capital of the World,” hosting an annual festival that celebrates this unique local tradition. With rich natural resources in the area, you can enjoy plenty of outdoor activities such as kayaking, hiking, fishing, and much more.

4. Waldo

Originally called “Walden,” Waldo was founded in the mid-19th century and became a hub for the growing citrus industry in the 1880s. It attracted settlers and tourists alike. What further spurred the development was the arrival of the Carrabelle, Tallahassee, and Georgia Railroad in 1894, which allowed for the shipment of local produce and goods.

The Waldo Historic District is the first place to see for history lovers, as this iconic site encompasses approximately 560 acres and features around 60 historic buildings. It includes homes that showcase 19th and 20th-century architectural styles. In 2001, this district made it to the National Register of Historic Places. One of the notable sites in the historic district is the Waldo Depot, a former railroad station built in 1894. It now serves as a museum.

Many resort hotels, theaters, and industries existed in Waldo. This includes an ice factory and a cigar factory. This reflects the town’s bustling past. Visitors can also enjoy the local charm at the Waldo Antique Village. The latter is known for its iconic shops and vibrant community.

5. Micanopy

Founded in 1821, Micanopy is celebrated as the oldest inland town in Florida. It’s located just out of Gainesville, in Alachua County, and was originally home to the Timucua and Seminole peoples. Micanopy later became a significant settlement for American pioneers. The name of the town derives from a Seminole chief and translates to “head chief.”

The Micanopy Historic District encompasses around 470 acres and is home to several well-preserved buildings that date back to the 19th and early 20th centuries. All these sites reflect the architectural heritage of Micanopy. The Micanopy Historic District made it to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Some other notable landmarks in Micanopy include the Herlong Mansion, a stunning Greek Revival structure completed in 1845. As for the Micanopy Historical Society Museum, it highlights the diverse history of the town, including Native American culture and the impacts of the Seminole Wars.

6. Steinhatchee

This charming Gulf coastal region has been occupied since prehistoric times and by Native American groups such as the Timucua and Seminole tribes. The name of the area, Steinhatchee, is derived from the Native American term “Esteen Hatchee,” or “River of Man.”

Since early European exploration, both the Deadman Bay and the Steinhatchee River have been significant. Spanish conquistadors, including Pánfilo de Narváez and Hernando de Soto, traversed the region in the early 1500s. During the 19th century, the area became a hub for timber and sponge fishing, which were vital to the local economy. In 1931, the community was officially renamed Steinhatchee, moving away from its previous name, Deadman Bay, which was reportedly linked to historical incidents involving early settlers.

Visit the remnants of the Civil War-era salt works that provided essential resources to the Confederacy. Another place to see is the 1838-built Fort Frank Brooke, which served to protect settlers during the Second Seminole War.

7. Cedar Key

This hidden Floridian gem was once a bustling port in the 19th century. Back then, it played a major role in the cotton trade as well as the development of the Gulf Coast. The first landmark to explore in Cedar Key is the Cedar Key Museum State Park. Artifacts include collections by local naturalist St. Clair Whitman. The park also highlights John Muir’s visit in 1867.

As for the Cedar Key Historical Society Museum, it’s housed in a historic building and showcases the town’s history, including Native American artifacts and the area’s maritime past.

It’s also worth exploring the Cedar Key Historic District, where you can see preserved buildings from the boomtown era of Cedar Key, such as the Island Hotel, which dates back to the 1850s.

8. Eatonville

Town Hall in Eatonville, Florida. Source: Wikimedia Commons[/caption]

This town, established in 1887, holds a significant place in American history as it is the first incorporated African American municipality in the US. Eatonville was founded by 27 Black voters in the wake of emancipation, and because of that, it symbolizes Black self-determination and autonomy.

The Zora Neale Hurston National Museum of Fine Arts is a key historical site to visit in Eatonville, and it’s dedicated to the renowned author and folklorist who grew up in town. Hurston’s works, such as Their Eyes Were Watching God, celebrate the rich cultural heritage of the community.

History lovers can also explore the Hungerford School, which was once a premier educational institution for Black students, as well as the Eatonville Historic District, which highlights the legacy of the town.

9. Port St. Joe

Old St. Joseph Cemetery in Port St. Joe, Florida. Source: Wikimedia Commons[/caption]

This treasure trove of history is known as the site of the first Constitutional Convention in Florida. This coastal boomtown of St. Joseph was established in 1835 and quickly became a hub for trade and politics. It was destroyed by a hurricane in 1844 and abandoned for Port St. Joe.

One of the main historical attractions in Port St. Joe is the Constitutional Convention Museum State Park, where visitors can explore exhibits detailing the drafting of Florida’s first constitution. The museum features artifacts from the lost city of St. Joseph, a life-sized animated reconstruction of the convention, and a replica of the state’s first railroad locomotive.

The Cape San Blas Lighthouse is another key site to explore. This is where you can see stunning views and learn about the area’s maritime heritage. As for the Old St. Joseph Cemetery, it preserves the graves of early residents and connects visitors to Port St. Joe’s vibrant past.

10. DeFuniak Springs

Rich cultural heritage and well-preserved Victorian architecture are what DeFuniak Springs is known for. The town was originally founded as a railroad stop in the 1880s and became a prominent writer retreat for the Chautauqua movement. It attracted thousands for educational and cultural programs from 1885 to 1927.

One of the main historical sites is the Chautauqua Hall of Brotherhood. It was built in 1909 as a centerpiece for the assembly. While the original auditorium was lost to a hurricane, the hall remains a significant landmark.

Another key historical site in this Floridian gem is the Walton-DeFuniak Library, which was established in 1887. It claims to be the oldest library in Florida still operating in its original building.

You can also explore the DeFuniak Springs Historic District, which features plenty of historic homes, many of which many are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (MFA) is a unique space where you can cover more than 5,000 years of art history in just a single afternoon. As with most major collections, displays rotate and pieces are often loaned, so it’s always best to check what’s on view before you go. Regardless of what’s on show, you are guaranteed to be awed at the sheer quality and quantity of priceless works on display.

These are the best Museum of Fine Arts Boston highlights to seek out on your next visit.

1. Dance at Bougival (Pierre-Auguste Renoir – 1883)

Renoir painted this lively Parisian scene in the village of Bougival, about nine miles west of Paris, during a burst of creativity in the 1880s. The model, Suzanne Valadon, later became a celebrated artist herself, and her son was the painter Maurice Utrillo.

When the painting first reached Boston in 1887, critics were divided, with some calling it “vulgar” while others praised its vitality. Today, it’s one of the most beloved MFA highlights and often returns to its prime spot in the Impressionist gallery.

2. The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit (John Singer Sargent – 1882)

Sargent painted this in Paris for a prominent Boston family, capturing four sisters in an unconventional, almost cinematic composition inspired by Velázquez’s Las Meninas. The two enormous Japanese vases seen in the painting stand beside it in the gallery, creating a rather surreal link between art and life.

The work’s unusual balance of light and space puzzled critics in 1883, but it helped cement Sargent’s reputation as a daring portraitist long before his return to America.

3. Silver Tea Set (Paul Revere – ca. 1773–75)

Paul Revere was among Boston’s finest silversmiths long before he became a Revolutionary War hero. This gorgeous tea set was crafted in the years leading up to American independence, a time when tea itself carried political weight.

The MFA holds the largest public collection of Revere’s silver, a clear view of Boston’s blend of artistry and patriotism in the 1770s. Interestingly, few realize that Revere also made false teeth, engraved currency, and helped found a pioneering copper mill after the war.

4. Egyptian Coffins and Mummies (Middle Kingdom to Late Period)

The museum’s Egyptian collection began through archaeological digs co-led with Harvard University in the early 1900s. Among its treasures is the coffin of Nesmut, a temple singer from Thebes, dating to around 950 BC. Many of these objects were excavated at Deir el-Bersha and Giza under permits that divided finds between Egypt and Boston.

With the recent opening of the Grand Egyptian Museum in Cairo, the Museum of Fine Arts Boston offers a fantastic link between early excavations and modern Egyptology.

5. Samurai Armor (17th Century)

The museum’s Japanese holdings are among the strongest outside Japan, thanks to early Boston collectors like Ernest Fenollosa, who gathered art at a time when Japan was just beginning to open up to the West.

The samurai armor on display, lacquered and gilded, was worn by a high-ranking Edo-period warrior. Many such suits were burned or repurposed during Japan’s modernization in the late 1800s, so it’s wonderful to see the centuries of care bestowed on the displays here. If you love Asian art, you’ll love this MFA highlight.

6. Grainstack (Sunset) (Claude Monet – 1891)

Monet painted more than 25 versions of these grainstacks, each at a different time of day to study how light and color changed from dawn to sunset. When the MFA purchased it in 1892, it became one of the first Monets acquired by an American museum.

That early investment, and subsequent enthusiasm for the piece, showed that Boston collectors were way ahead of the curve in embracing modern French art in the US and, some critics would argue, even in Europe. The purchase was seen as a bold move when many still viewed Impressionism as unfinished or eccentric, and it remains an undisputed highlight of the Museum of Fine Arts Boston.

7. Beaded Bandolier Bag (Anishinaabe – 19th Century)

This beaded bag was made by an Anishinaabe artist from the Great Lakes region in the 1800s. The intricate designs were created with glass beads brought over by European traders, a blend of Indigenous art with new materials from across the ocean.

Bandolier bags like this were worn during community gatherings and ceremonies, often passed down through generations. Today, the MFA works with Anishinaabe descendants to learn more about each piece’s origins and meaning, part of the museum’s ongoing effort to present Native art through collaboration rather than observation.

8. Drug Store (Edward Hopper – 1927)

Hopper painted this New York corner shop in 1927, focusing on the quiet stillness of the city after dark. The single glowing “Ex-Lax” sign was a real advertisement of the time.

When the MFA bought the painting in 1948, it became one of the first Hoppers in any American museum. Snapshots of “daily life” might be mainstream today, but it was incredibly avant-garde at the time.

9. Beyond Brilliance: Jewelry Highlights From the Collection

Opened in 2023, this glittering permanent gallery brings together 4,000 years of jewelry design, from ancient Egyptian gold collars to modern diamond art by renowned brands such as Tiffany. The display shows how people across time used jewelry to express power, faith, or love. One absolute standout piece is a Renaissance pendant carved with tiny mythological scenes, made when such jewels were seen as wearable works of art.

The National Gallery of Australia doesn’t try to impress you from the outside, and its low-key design is part of the point. It sits on the shores of Canberra’s Lake Burley Griffin, and feels open, airy, and modern, a place built not to show off but to record and share stories. Inside, local art is shown alongside pieces from all over the world, with key highlights telling of important moments in Australian history, from the search for a modern identity to the lasting impact of colonialism.

1. Sidney Nolan, Ned Kelly Series

Any art representing Ned Kelly has become as inseparable from Australia’s cultural identity as the subject himself. Painted in the late 1940s, Nolan’s collection takes its subject from the real-life outlaw Ned Kelly, who was executed in 1880 and has since become one of the country’s most contested historical figures. To some, Kelly was a criminal, but others see him as the ultimate symbol of resistance against colonial authority and social injustice.

Nolan stripped Kelly down to a stark visual language: a black, box-like helmet set against wide, often barren landscapes. The simplicity is deliberate. By reducing the figure to an almost cartoonish outline, Nolan transformed Kelly from a historical person into a broader symbol, one that could carry ideas of rebellion, isolation, and defiance.

2. The Aboriginal Memorial

The Aboriginal Memorial was created in 1988, at a moment when Australia was still deeply divided over how, or even whether, to confront its colonial past. That year marked the Bicentenary of British settlement, officially framed as a national celebration. For many Indigenous Australians, though, it was anything but. Protests were widespread, and public debate around dispossession, violence, and survival was just beginning to break into the mainstream. A formal national apology was still 20 years away at this point.

Created by artists from Ramingining in Arnhem Land, the memorial consists of 200 hollow log coffins, each traditionally used in burial ceremonies. The number is deliberate, marking the years since colonization and honoring Indigenous people who died defending their land. The installation offered a jarring and stark counterpoint to the Bicentenary narrative, which was altogether much more jovial. Walking through it nowadays is a must for any visitor wanting to gain a comprehensive overview of Australia’s history through art.

3. Jackson Pollock, Blue Poles

When the gallery purchased Blue Poles in 1973, the reaction was explosive to say the least. Critics balked at the exorbitant price, and many questioned why an American abstract painting deserved such prominence in a national collection. Yet the gallery, intent on positioning itself as a world-class space, doubled down and kept on investing in both local and international artists. Decades later, the controversy has become part and parcel of the work’s story.

Painted at the height of Pollock’s career, Blue Poles is not chaotic in the way it is often described. Up close, the layers are quite structured, with vertical blue elements anchoring the surface. Its presence in the NGA reflects a moment when Australia was asserting itself as a serious participant in international cultural conversations, wanting to loudly state that it could, and was willing to, invest in art that challenged public taste rather than coddle it.

4. Australian Photography Collection

Photography has played an important role in how Australians have tried to understand themselves, partly because so much of the country’s recent history has been recorded through images rather than long traditions of painting or sculpture.

In the NGA’s collection, photography often turns its attention to everyday places and constructed scenes that sit outside official or polished narratives of Australia.

The gallery holds works by Indigenous and non-Indigenous photographers, including Tracey Moffatt, whose photographs are carefully staged and often resemble film stills. Her images feel deliberate and controlled, with lighting, color, and composition used to build tension rather than document reality. Artists such as Bill Henson approach the medium differently, working in low light and shadow to create images that feel unsettled and incomplete. Together, these works show photography being used not to explain Australia, but to question it, and to leave space for discomfort, ambiguity, and interpretation.

5. Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Warlugulong (1977)

Although not always on display, Warlugulong is one of the most significant Indigenous paintings held by the National Gallery of Australia. Painted in 1977, it brings together multiple Dreaming (or Dreamtime) stories connected to the artist’s ancestral Country, effectively turning the canvas into a kind of storytelling map.

At 11 feet in length, Warlugulong (which you can see here) is physically imposing and was one of the largest canvases produced during the early years of the Western Desert painting movement. When the painting was sold in 2007 for AUD 2.4 million, roughly USD 2.7 million, it set a new price record for Indigenous art in Australia. At the time, sales like this were still rare, and the result drew wider attention to how these works were being valued. Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri was already well known, but large, ambitious paintings such as Warlugulong played a big part in placing him among the most important Indigenous artists of the late 20th century, with his work held in major collections in Australia and internationally.

6. Yirrkala Bark Paintings

While many might mistake these works for decorative objects, Yirrkala Bark Paintings are considered documents of law, land ownership, and cultural authority. They are painted using natural pigments on sheets of eucalyptus bark and closely tied to moments of political action, including the Yolngu people’s fight for land rights in the mid-20th century.

7. What About European Masters?

The National Gallery of Australia does not lead with its European collection, but it is still stronger than many visitors expect. Works by Claude Monet, Edgar Degas, Paul Cézanne, and Pablo Picasso appear throughout the galleries, although they never hog the limelight. One has a feeling this is a strategic move by the NGA. European masterpieces are here to provide context, contrast, and continuity, helping to frame Australian and Indigenous art as part of a wider global art history.

8. The Sculpture Garden

The Sculpture Garden extends the gallery’s philosophy outdoors, spread across lawns and water features, and brings together international and Australian artists.

What makes the garden successful is not just the quality of the works, but how they are spaced. Nothing feels crowded or overly explained. You are free to walk, circle back, sit down, and look again. It mirrors the NGA’s broader approach: letting objects speak for themselves and trusting visitors to take their time and come to their own conclusions.

Portugal’s deep-rooted history spans medieval castles, Roman ruins, and Moorish fortifications scattered across the landscape.

If you’re eager to explore the country’s hidden, ancient soul, there’s no better way than visiting its timeless villages perched on hills or tucked into remote mountains. Here are ten must-visit historic villages in Portugal that promise a journey back in time.

1. Monsanto

This historic village in central Portugal is renowned for its distinctive architecture, with granite houses built around massive boulders that give it a striking appearance. Perched on a 758-meter hill, Monsanto offers sweeping views over the surrounding countryside.

In 1165, King Afonso Henriques granted the village to the Knights Templar, who added a hilltop castle that still dominates the landscape. Named “the most Portuguese village in Portugal” in 1938, Monsanto’s winding cobblestone paths, castle ruins, and annual Festa das Cruzes draw visitors seeking a deep connection to the country’s heritage.

2. Sortelha

Sortelha is one of Portugal’s oldest and best-preserved medieval villages. Established in the 12th century, it received a charter in 1228 from King Sancho II, who also ordered the construction of its castle. The village is encircled by well-preserved granite walls and narrow cobblestone streets lined with traditional stone houses.

Visitors can explore the 13th-century castle for panoramic views and admire unique granite formations, such as the “Old Lady’s Head,” while soaking up Sortelha’s remarkably intact medieval atmosphere.

3. Castelo Rodrigo

Perched atop a hill in Portugal’s Centro region, Castelo Rodrigo dates back to the 12th century, with major fortifications added during the reign of King Dinis. Encircled by medieval walls, the village’s narrow streets and stone houses reflect its defensive past.

Notable sites include the ruins of Cristóvão de Moura’s palace, the 16th-century pillory, a medieval cistern, and the Church of Our Lady of Rocamador, home to a statue of Saint James the Moor-slayer.

4. Piódão

Nestled in the Serra do Açor mountains, Piódão is known for its schist houses with blue-painted windows and doors. Established in the Middle Ages, the village’s remote location once made it a refuge, contributing to its secluded character.

Its winding cobblestone streets lead to highlights such as the 17th-century Igreja Matriz, whose white façade contrasts sharply with the surrounding dark stone, and nearby Foz d’Égua, famous for its stone bridges and natural pools.

5. Marialva

This hilltop village in Portugal’s Centro region rose to prominence during the 12th century, when its castle became a key defensive stronghold. Marialva is divided into three distinct areas: the Citadel within the castle walls, the Arrabalde with its traditional stone houses, and Devesa beyond the old fortifications.

Within the Citadel, visitors can explore Marialva Castle, enjoy views over the Côa Valley, and visit the Parish Church of Santiago, a Gothic structure dating to the 14th century.

6. Idanha-a-Velha

Idanha-a-Velha is one of Portugal’s oldest settlements, founded by the Romans in the 1st century BCE as Civitas Igaeditanorum. Over time, it passed through Visigoth and Muslim hands, leaving layers of history behind.

Today, visitors can explore Roman walls, the Torre dos Templários built atop a former Roman temple, the 4th-century Cathedral of Idanha, and an ancient olive press, all reflecting the village’s role as a historical crossroads.

7. Monsaraz

Monsaraz is a hilltop village in Portugal’s Alentejo region, preserved within medieval walls and overlooking the Guadiana River. Reclaimed from Moorish rule in the 12th century and fortified by the Knights Templar, its castle remains the village’s defining feature.

Cobbled streets wind past whitewashed houses to landmarks such as the Church of Nossa Senhora da Lagoa, the Chapel of São João Baptista with its frescoes, and the Casa da Inquisição. From the castle walls, visitors can enjoy sweeping views over the Alqueva Reservoir.

8. Belmonte

Perched on the slopes of the Serra da Estrela, Belmonte is best known as the birthplace of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral. Its 13th-century castle, later home to the Cabral family, anchors the village and offers panoramic views.

Belmonte is also notable for its enduring Jewish community, which survived the Inquisition in secret. The Jewish Museum of Belmonte and the synagogue Bet Eliahu offer powerful insight into this unique and resilient heritage.

9. Almeida

Near the Spanish border, Almeida is defined by its impressive star-shaped fortress, a hallmark of 17th-century military architecture. The 12-pointed fortifications highlight the village’s long-standing strategic importance.

Visitors can walk the preserved walls and gates, explore the historic center, and visit the Military Museum, which documents Almeida’s role in conflicts such as the Peninsular War.

10. Linhares da Beira

Established in the 12th century on the slopes of the Serra da Estrela, Linhares da Beira grew around its imposing medieval castle, which once defended the region from invasion.

The village’s cobblestone streets are lined with granite houses featuring Manueline windows and Gothic doorways. Landmarks such as the Igreja da Misericórdia and the Igreja Matriz reflect the city’s architectural heritage, while the castle offers expansive views of the Mondego River Valley.

Quick Guide to Portugal’s Most Historic Villages

Europe’s blockbuster museums might get all the attention, all the queues, and all the heists, but the smaller ones are where you often find the real surprises. They sit behind old squares, inside former homes, or in buildings you’d barely glance at twice. Yet what they lack in size, they make up for in atmosphere and extraordinary finds. You get off the tourist trail, with space to look, time to read, and the sense that you have actually discovered something special.

Here are a few treasures worth seeking out in some of Europe’s smallest museums.

1. The Witch Bottle, Museum of Witchcraft and Magic, Cornwall

If you enjoy small museums with a bit of spooky atmosphere, the Museum of Witchcraft and Magic is an easy place to get lost in for an hour. It sits in a sleepy Cornish village and has spent decades gathering objects linked to folk beliefs, remedies, and old rural traditions. The displays are simple, close together, and very personal, which fits the subject matter well.

One of the most striking pieces is a 17th-century witch bottle found beneath the hearth of a cottage. When found, it was still corked and still holding the magical elixir people once trusted for protection: pins, hair, and a cloudy liquid. Local healers known as “cunning men” prepared bottles just like this for families who felt their run of mishaps was down to more than just pure bad luck. More than 200 such bottles have been found all across England, but intact ones are rare.

2. The Viking Runestone Fragment, Upplandsmuseet, Uppsala

Upplandsmuseet is a small regional museum that focuses on the history of Uppsala and the surrounding countryside. It is the kind of place where you can get a feel for how people lived in this part of Sweden many moons ago. The museum holds a small but interesting collection of local archaeology, including several very cool Viking Age finds.

One of the most interesting is a fragment of an 11th-century runestone. Vikings raised stones like this as memorials for their loved ones who’d passed, usually placing them along popular paths or gathering spots so people would see the inscription every time they passed. The writing is in runes, the alphabet used in Scandinavia before Latin took hold, and even a short surviving line can reveal who carved the stone or who it honored.

Many runestones were broken or reused as building material over time, which is why so many survive only in pieces. Upplandsmuseet displays this fragment where you can stand close enough to see the shallow tool marks and the careful spacing of the runes.

3. The “French Revolution” Fan, The Fan Museum, London

The Fan Museum sits inside a pair of Georgian townhouses in Greenwich and focuses on a seemingly innocuous object that was far more than a pretty accessory. Some were painted by recognized artists, others carried political messages or scenes that only made sense if you were keeping up with the news. It is a small museum, and walking through it helps you understand why fans once played such a steady role in social life.

The above-pictured painted fans from the 1790s are some of the most beautiful examples. They are covered in small portraits and symbols linked to the French Revolution, many of them carrying meanings that would have been obvious to people at the time.

4. The Sarcophagus of Seti I, Soane Museum, London

Visiting Sir John Soane’s Museum feels more like stepping into someone’s private collection than a traditional gallery. The rooms are compact, the lighting is subdued, and objects sit exactly where Soane placed them in the early 1800s.

The sarcophagus of King Seti I, carved around 1279 BC, sits in the basement and is one of the most important Egyptian objects in Europe. Soane acquired it after the British Museum declined to do so and held candlelit evenings so visitors could admire the inscriptions glowing through the translucent alabaster. The carved texts come from the Book of the Dead and were meant to guide the pharaoh into the afterlife.

Finding this piece of ancient Egypt in a London home feels unexpected, and the understated setting helps you appreciate the craftsmanship even more.

5. Brymbo Man, Wrexham County Borough Museum, Wales

Wrexham Museum brings together treasured finds from the surrounding landscapes of north-east Wales, a region shaped by farming, mining, and early Bronze Age communities.

One of the most sensational examples is Brymbo Man, a Bronze Age burial uncovered in 1958 during work at a local steel plant. The skeleton dates to somewhere between 1600 and 1400 BC and was found with a flint knife and small personal items that suggest he probably held a high status.

The museum’s display combines the remains with clear explanations and reconstructions that help you picture the burial as it once was. It is a modest exhibit, but the age alone makes it immensely impressive.

6. Carved Saint Figurines, National Museum of Iceland, Reykjavík

Compact and well organized, this small museum traces Iceland’s early history through objects that often came from remote farmsteads and tiny parish churches. Many of these churches stood in isolated valleys where materials were scarce, and every piece of decoration had to be made locally.

The carved saint figures date to the Late Medieval Period and were created at a time when Icelandic craftsmen worked with limited tools and whatever wood they could source, often driftwood washed ashore after long Atlantic journeys. Their features are simple but expressive, and traces of old pigment hint at how colorful rural churches once were.

On a side note, Christianity reached Iceland around the year 1000, when the Althing chose a peaceful collective conversion to avoid conflict between pagan and Christian clans. When the Reformation reached Iceland in the 16th century, many figures were removed or painted over, which is why surviving examples are so few.

7. Galileo’s Astrolabe, Museo Galileo, Florence

Much of the collection in this gem of a museum dates to the 16th and 17th centuries, when Galileo and his compadres were reshaping how Europe thought about the heavens. You’ll see early telescopes, globes, compasses, and mathematical tools built for hands-on observation rather than display.

The museum’s brass astrolabe is a classic example. It helped people calculate time, track stars, and solve basic astronomical problems. Scholars, sailors, and travelers relied on devices such as this, and once you understand how it works, the engraved markings make a lot more sense. The genius of the museum is that it presents its very practical pieces with explanations on how one would use them, so you can actually learn to do so on the spot.

8. Chimera of Arezzo, Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Firenze, Florence

Florence’s Archaeology Museum is surprisingly under-visited despite housing several world-class pieces. It is small, usually calm, and a good place to spend time with individual objects rather than crowds.

The Chimera of Arezzo is one of the museum’s finest works. Made in the 5th century BC, this bronze sculpture was discovered in 1553, near the Tuscan town of Arezzo. It shows the mythical creature with a lion’s body, a serpent’s tail, and a goat’s head rising from its back.

Amsterdam is famous, but the Netherlands has countless hidden gems just a short drive away. These 10 historic small towns offer canals, cobblestone streets, and centuries-old charm, perfect for a quick escape from the city.

1. Broek in Waterland (7.46 Miles from Amsterdam)

If you want to learn about traditional Dutch life, then this quaint village is the place to be in the Netherlands. Located about 7.5 miles north of Amsterdam, Broek in Waterland has about 2,700 residents. The highlights of this peaceful escape are its beautifully preserved wooden houses and its charming, tranquil canals.

Wealthy Amsterdam merchants and seafarers started flocking to Broek in Waterland during the 17th and 18th centuries. However, the village itself dates back to the 12th century.

When visiting Broek in Waterland, you’ll have the chance to marvel at the historic centerpiece of the town, Saint Nicholas Church. Although this landmark was built before 1400, it was destroyed during the Eighty Years’ War. However, the Protestant church was later rebuilt in 1628.

Broek in Waterland is surrounded by meadows and waterways, so you’ll enjoy visiting if you want to experience the Dutch countryside.

2. Monnickendam (9.32 Miles from Amsterdam)

This small historic Dutch town is also located in the northern part of the country, just around 10 miles northeast of Amsterdam. Monnickendam dates back to the 14th century when it was founded by monks, and its name actually translates to “Monk’s dam.” Today, visitors enjoy coming to Monnickendam for its picturesque beauty and well-preserved architecture.

The 17th-century Weigh House (De Waag) should be at the top of your list when in Monnickendam. The same applies to the Speeltoren, which is a bell tower housing the Netherlands’ oldest playable carillon. Don’t forget to visit the 14th-century Protestant church in town, Grote Kerk, which was later restored after it was damaged during the Eighty Years’ War.

Monnickendam also hosts the annual Monnickendammer Visgaden, an event celebrating the town’s historic fishing industry. During this festival, you can experience traditional fish smoking and other local crafts.

3. Naarden (18.64 Miles from Amsterdam)

Located in the northern Netherlands, this historic town is known for its star-shaped fortifications. These are considered among the best-preserved in Europe. Naarden’s defenses are surrounded by formidable walls and a moat, a unique sight to behold in person: 16th-century military architecture.

If you want to learn in more detail about the role of Naarden in Dutch military strategy, then you’ve got to head to the Netherlands Fortress Museum or Nederlands Vestingmuseum, where you will get plenty of knowledge about the town’s rich history.

Another great thing to do in Naarden is to take a boat tour around the fortifications. Many of the buildings of the town date back to the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, so you’ll be enjoying sights dating back hundreds of years. Make sure to visit the Grote of Sint-Vituskerk. This historic church is worth visiting for its iconic painted wooden ceiling alone. You can also take in a panoramic view of Naarden and its star-shaped layout from atop the church’s tower.

4. Edam (12.43 Miles from Amsterdam)

When you stroll through the historic center of this picturesque Dutch town, you’ll see peaceful canals, monuments, and charming squares that tell stories of Edam’s past. The latter was a key hub for trade historically, thanks to its ideal location by the water. That’s because ships could dock at its ports, enabling the town to grow into a trading center. The canal-side homes and their grand facades are an iconic example of the wealth that once flowed through the northern Dutch historic town.

The name Edam is synonymous with its world-famous round cheese. The town’s traditional cheese market still draws visitors each July and August. It goes without saying that one of the top places that you should add to your bucket list in Edam is the Edam Cheese Museum, where you can learn more about the town’s dairy legacy.

5. Muiden (12.43 Miles from Amsterdam)

Muiderslot, a centuries-old castle, is the main highlight of this historic fortified town located east of Amsterdam. The castle was built in 1285 by Count Floris V and is considered one of the Netherlands’ best-preserved medieval castles. Muiderslot also had a major role in protecting the Dutch capital, particularly during the Dutch Waterline defenses.

It’s also worth visiting the Great Sea Lock (Groote Zeesluis) when you’re in Muiden. This sea lock connects Muiden to the IJmeer river, so this is where you can watch boats passing on the waterways. Also, don’t forget about the Muizenfort, a UNESCO-listed Defense Line of Amsterdam. This is a system of fortifications that was built to protect the Dutch capital.

6. Marken (13.67 Miles from Amsterdam)

This site was once an island in the Zuiderzee, so it was separated from the mainland until a causeway was built in 1957. This was when it got connected to the rest of the Dutch nation. The notable feature of Marken is its car-free center, filled with traditional wooden houses and clogs displayed outside. The town really resembles something from a storybook.

Because this historic Dutch town was isolated for centuries and has a unique geography, its distinct culture has been preserved to this day. This includes the traditional clothing and the architecture of Marken.

One of the essential things you need to do in town is to head to the Marker Museum to learn about the history and lifestyle of the village. The Paard van Marken lighthouse is another landmark worth witnessing. It’s a symbol of Marken’s maritime history.

7. Weesp (9.32 Miles from Amsterdam)

This town is over 700 years old and is the perfect escape for exploring Dutch history and charm. It’s just a short 15-minute ride from Amsterdam and boasts scenic canals, windmills, and neoclassical architecture.

Museum Weesp is housed in the 18th-century town hall and offers you a glimpse into early Iron Age settlements in town as well as Weesp’s contributions to Dutch porcelain and jenever production.

The Wispe Brewery is also a unique attraction that’s worth visiting. This event is set in a historic church and offers tastings of locally brewed beers and a dive into the brewing tradition of Weesp.

In addition to the scenic canals and bridges that run through the town, be sure to explore the Ossenmarkt Fortress, a notable historical landmark. Weesp, once a fortress town, played a major role in the Dutch Waterline, a defense system that could flood surrounding areas to protect the nation’s major cities.

8. Abcoude (8.08 Miles from Amsterdam)

This charming Dutch village is home to approximately 8,000 residents and is located in the Green Heart of the Netherlands. Abcoude is based just southeast of Amsterdam, in the province of Utrecht. With a history dating back more than 900 years, the town was first mentioned in records from 1085. It began as a modest village, with a strong focus on fishing and architecture. What makes Abcoude unique is its location at the confluence of the Angstel, Gein, and Holendrecht rivers, surrounded by meadows, farmland, and peaceful waterways.

A must-see historical site in the village is the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Defense Line of Amsterdam, Fort Abcoude, which is open to visitors only from May to September. Add the 17th-century church tower and the old town hall to your must-visit list.

9. Ouderkerk aan de Amstel (6.84 Miles from Amsterdam)

Ouderkerk aan de Amstel offers a tranquil slice of Dutch countryside living. It’s located approximately 7 miles south of Amsterdam. The charming Dutch village is located along the Amstel River, making it a perfect escape for riverside terraces, peaceful views, and scenic windmills.

Ouderkerk aan de Amstel is also home to historic churches and is famous for housing the Netherlands’ oldest Jewish cemetery (Beth Haim).

10. Volendam (12.43 Miles from Amsterdam)

Over the years, 14th-century Volendam has transformed into a popular tourist destination, especially in summer, with its colorful wooden fishermen’s houses now serving as restaurants, souvenir shops, and photography studios where visitors can dress in traditional Dutch costumes.

The fishing village is about 13 miles north of Amsterdam, nestled along the shores of the Markermeer. Back in the 14th century, the town served as the harbor for the nearby town of Edam. Later, it developed into a bustling fishing community.

Make sure to visit the Volendams Museum to learn about the village’s cultural heritage, such as its art and traditional costumes. Also, visit the local eateries for delicious smoked eel and seafood, which Volendam is famous for.

Quick Guide to Historic Small Towns Near Amsterdam

Florida is the third most-visited state in the US, and it’s not hard to see why. The Sunshine State is packed with sun-soaked beaches, vibrant nightlife, and family-friendly theme parks. However, many tend to overlook the rich history that lies beneath Florida’s tropical surface. This iconic state was the site of some of the earliest European settlements in America and was a cultural crossroads long before becoming a vacation hotspot. Here are ten must-see historic landmarks in Florida that should be on your bucket list.

1. Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortugas National Park

Located within Dry Tortugas National Park, approximately 70 miles west of Key West, Fort Jefferson is a monumental 19th-century coastal fortress. Constructed between 1846 and 1875 to protect one of the most significant deepwater anchorages in North America, it stands as the largest brick masonry structure in the Americas, comprising over 16 million bricks. During the Civil War, Fort Jefferson remained under Union control and was utilized as a prison for deserters and other criminals.

You can explore the fort’s extensive grounds, including its massive walls, historic cannons, and scenic vistas of the surrounding turquoise waters. Accessible only by boat or seaplane, on the journey to Fort Jefferson, you can also enjoy snorkeling among vibrant coral reefs and diverse marine life.

2. The Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum, Key West

You can find the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum at 907 Whitehead Street in Key West. Built in 1851 in a Spanish colonial style by marine architect Asa Tift, the two-story residence is built from native limestone. In 1931, Hemingway and his second wife, Pauline Pfeiffer, acquired the then-derelict property, restoring it to its former grandeur. During his decade-long residence, Hemingway penned some of his most celebrated works, including “To Have and Have Not,” which is set in Key West.

Nowadays, the museum preserves the home’s original furnishings and personal artifacts. This will give you the chance to learn about Hemingway’s daily life. A notable feature is the population of approximately 40-50 polydactyl (six-toed) cats, many of which are descendants of Hemingway’s own pet, Snow White.

3. Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, Miami

This historic estate in Miami exemplifies early 20th-century opulence and architectural grandeur. Vizcaya Museum and Gardens served as the winter residence of industrialist James Deering, co-founder of International Harvester. Constructed between 1914 and 1922, the estate’s design reflects a harmonious blend of Italian Renaissance and Mediterranean Revival styles, featuring a main house with 34 rooms adorned with European antiques and decorative arts spanning the 15th to 19th centuries.

The surrounding ten acres of meticulously landscaped gardens draw inspiration from French and Italian traditions, incorporating native subtropical flora to create a unique aesthetic. Today, the museum is a cultural hub hosting educational programs, art exhibitions, and community events. Make sure to explore the themed areas, including the Secret Garden, the Theater Garden, and the Maze Garden.

4. The Ringling Museum of Art and Ca’ d’Zan, Sarasota

Both these historic Florida landmarks are integral components of The Ringling estate. They reflect the cultural and artistic vision of John and Mable Ringling. The museum was established in 1927 and serves as Florida’s official state art museum. It houses an extensive collection of over 10,000 artworks, including European paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts. Notably, the museum features a renowned collection of Baroque art, with significant works by Peter Paul Rubens.

Ca’ d’Zan, translating to “House of John” in Venetian dialect, was the Ringlings’ opulent winter residence, completed in 1926. Designed by architect Dwight James Baum, the mansion exemplifies Mediterranean Revival architecture with Venetian Gothic influences inspired by the Ringlings’ travels to Venice. The 36,000-square-foot mansion boasts 56 rooms. It features intricate architectural details and luxurious furnishings that reflect the grandeur of the Roaring Twenties.

5. Castillo de San Marcos, St. Augustine

This historic Florida landmark is famous for being America’s oldest masonry fort. Constructed by the Spanish between 1672 and 1695, it was built to defend Florida and the Atlantic trade route. The fort’s coquina stone walls have withstood numerous sieges, including attacks by English forces in 1702 and 1740.

Over the centuries, it has flown the flags of Spain, Britain, and the United States, a reflection of the complex colonial history of the region. Today, you can explore Castillo de San Marcos’ well-preserved bastions, casemates, and gun deck. This gives insight into 17th-century military engineering. The Castillo offers daily ranger talks, historical weapons demonstrations, and exhibits detailing its storied past.

6. The Oldest Wooden Schoolhouse, St. Augustine

This significant historical landmark is located at 14 St. George Street in St. Augustine. Believed to be the oldest wooden school building in the United States, it first appeared on tax records in 1716. The building is made of bald cypress and red cedar, materials chosen for their durability, and is held together by wooden pegs and iron spikes. Originally a homestead for the Genoply family, the structure was transformed into a coeducational school in 1788 by Juan Genoply, who became the first schoolteacher.

You can tour the preserved schoolhouse, which includes the original classroom, a detached kitchen, and a garden featuring a 250-year-old pecan tree. The interior showcases period-appropriate furnishings, textbooks, and school supplies. All of these provide you with a glimpse into 18th-century colonial education. An animatronic teacher and students provide historical context, which enhances the educational experience.

7. De Soto National Memorial, Bradenton

This Florida landmark commemorates the 1539 landing of Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto and his extensive exploration of the southeastern United States. The memorial encompasses approximately 26.84 acres at the mouth of the Manatee River and features 3,000 feet of coastline and a significant mangrove swamp ecosystem.

When visiting the De Soto National Memorial, you’ll be able to explore the park’s nature trails, which wind through coastal landscapes like those encountered by De Soto’s expedition. The visitor center provides you with exhibits showcasing historic armor, 16th-century weapons, and period artifacts, along with a theater presenting the film “Hernando de Soto in America.”

8. The Edison and Ford Winter Estates, Fort Myers

This is where you’ll learn about the lives of two of America’s most influential innovators, Thomas Edison and Henry Ford. In 1885, Edison purchased 13 acres along the Caloosahatchee River, where he built his winter retreat, “Seminole Lodge,” completed in 1886. This estate served as a sanctuary for Edison and his family. In 1916, Henry Ford, a close friend and business associate of Edison, acquired the adjacent property, naming it “The Mangoes.” Ford’s Craftsman-style bungalow became a winter haven for his family. It fostered a deepening friendship between the two families.

The site also features Edison’s 1928 Botanical Research Laboratory, where he conducted experiments to find a domestic source of rubber. The museum houses an extensive collection of artifacts, including Edison’s phonographs, light bulbs, and Ford’s automobiles. This will allow you to learn about their groundbreaking contributions to technology and industry.

9. Kingsley Plantation, Jacksonville

Found on Fort George Island near Jacksonville, Kingsley Plantation is the oldest surviving plantation house in Florida. Established in 1814 by Zephaniah Kingsley, a prominent slave trader and planter, the estate offers a profound insight into the complexities of early 19th-century plantation life. The plantation’s main house, constructed between 1797 and 1798, is a testament to the architectural styles of the period.

Surrounding the house are 25 well-preserved slave cabins arranged in a unique semicircular pattern, built from tabby, a durable mixture of lime, shells, and sand. These structures provide a tangible connection to the lives of the enslaved individuals who labored there.

10. Florida Caverns State Park, Marianna

Known for its unique air-filled limestone caves, the only such formations accessible to the public within Florida’s park system, Florida Caverns State Park’s geological history dates back approximately 38 million years, when the area was submerged under a shallow sea. Over time, the accumulation of shells, coral, and sediments formed limestone bedrock. Subsequent fluctuations in sea levels and the action of acidic groundwater dissolved portions of this bedrock. This led to the creation of the intricate cave systems adorned with stalactites, stalagmites, and flowstones.

In the 1930s, during the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) developed the park as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal programs. Their efforts included excavating the caves to make them accessible for tours and constructing various park facilities. The park officially opened to the public in 1942. It is located near Marianna in the Florida Panhandle.